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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P09417


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name DHPR_HUMAN
Primary accession number P09417
Secondary accession numbers Q53F52 Q9H3M5
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on July 1, 1989
Sequence was last modified on November 28, 2006 (Sequence version 2)
Annotations were last modified on    December 16, 2008 (Entry version 106)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Dihydropteridine reductase
Synonyms EC 1.5.1.34
HDHPR
Quinoid dihydropteridine reductase
Gene name
Name: QDPR
Synonyms: DHPR
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT THR-51.
DOI=10.1093/nar/15.5.1921; PubMed=3031582 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Dahl H.-H.M., Hutchison W., McAdam W., Wake S., Morgan F.J., Cotton R.G.H.;
"Human dihydropteridine reductase: characterisation of a cDNA clone and its use in analysis of patients with dihydropteridine reductase deficiency.";
Nucleic Acids Res. 15:1921-1932(1987).
[2]
SEQUENCE REVISION TO 51.
Dahl H.-H.M.;
Submitted (JUL-1987) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT THR-51.
PubMed=3033643 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lockyer J., Cook R.G., Milstien S., Kaufman S., Woo S.L.C., Ledley F.D.;
"Structure and expression of human dihydropteridine reductase.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:3329-3333(1987).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT THR-51, AND VARIANTS PK2 ASP-23; CYS-150; TYR-158 AND ILE-THR-GLY-218 INS.
DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)12:4<267::AID-HUMU8>3.3.CO;2-0; PubMed=9744478 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Dianzani I., de Sanctis L., Smooker P.M., Gough T.J., Alliaudi C., Brusco A., Spada M., Blau N., Dobos M., Zhang H.-P., Yang N., Ponzone A., Armarego W.L.F., Cotton R.G.H.;
"Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency: physical structure of the QDPR gene, identification of two new mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations.";
Hum. Mutat. 12:267-273(1998).
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
Hsiao K.-J., Yen P.-F., Lin C.-H., Liu T.-T., Chiang S.-H., Chen C.-Y., Tsai S.-F.;
"The complete sequence of human dihydropteridine reductase gene containing BAC clone 395N09.";
Submitted (DEC-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[6]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Cerebellum;
Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Takeda T., Sakaki Y., Tanaka A., Yokoyama S.;
Submitted (APR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[7]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Brain;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[8]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-11 AND 128-138, CLEAVAGE OF INITIATOR METHIONINE, ACETYLATION AT ALA-2, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
TISSUE=Colon carcinoma;
Bienvenut W.V., Heiserich L., Gottlieb E.;
Submitted (MAR-2008) to UniProtKB.
[9]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS).
PubMed=8262916 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Su Y., Varughese K.I., Xuong N.H., Bray T.L., Roche D.J., Whiteley J.M.;
"The crystallographic structure of a human dihydropteridine reductase NADH binary complex expressed in Escherichia coli by a cDNA constructed from its rat homologue.";
J. Biol. Chem. 268:26836-26841(1993).
[10]
REVIEW ON VARIANTS.
PubMed=7627180 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Smooker P.M., Cotton R.G.H.;
"Molecular basis of dihydropteridine reductase deficiency.";
Hum. Mutat. 5:279-284(1995).
[11]
VARIANTS PK2 ASP-23 AND GLY-108.
PubMed=8326489 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Dianzani I., Howells D.W., Ponzone A., Saleeba J.A., Smooker P.M., Cotton R.G.H.;
"Two new mutations in the dihydropteridine reductase gene in patients with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency.";
J. Med. Genet. 30:465-469(1993).
[12]
VARIANT PK2 THR-123 INS.
PubMed=2116088 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Howells D.W., Forrest S.M., Dahl H.-H.M., Cotton R.G.H.;
"Insertion of an extra codon for threonine is a cause of dihydropteridine reductase deficiency.";
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 47:279-285(1990).
[13]
VARIANTS PK2 PRO-14 AND VAL-17.
DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1999)13:6<503::AID-HUMU13>3.0.CO;2-F; PubMed=10408783 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Smooker P.M., Gough T.J., Cotton R.G.H., Alliaudi C., de Sanctis L., Dianzani I.;
"A series of mutations in the dihydropteridine reductase gene resulting in either abnormal RNA splicing or DHPR protein defects.";
Hum. Mutat. 13:503-504(1999).
[14]
VARIANTS PK2 ARG-17; ASP-18; ASP-23; ARG-66; ARG-149 AND CYS-150.
DOI=10.1007/s004390000407; PubMed=11153907 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Romstad A., Kalkanoglu H.S., Coskun T., Demirkol M., Tokatli A., Dursun A., Baykal T., Oezalp I., Guldberg P., Guettler F.;
"Molecular analysis of 16 Turkish families with DHPR deficiency using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).";
Hum. Genet. 107:546-553(2000).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: The product of this enzyme, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH-4), is an essential cofactor for phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan hydroxylases.
  • CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: A 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + NAD(P)+ = a 6,7-dihydropteridine + NAD(P)H.
  • SUBUNIT: Homodimer.
  • DISEASE: Defects in QDPR are the cause of phenylketonuria II (PK2) [MIM:261630]; also known as dihydropteridine reductase deficiency. PK2 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperphenylalaninemia and severe neurologic symptoms (malignant hyperphenylalaninemia) including axial hypotonia and truncal hypertonia, abnormal thermogenesis, and microcephaly. These signs are attributable to depletion of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, whose syntheses are controlled by tryptophan and tyrosine hydroxylases that use BH-4 as cofactor. These patients do not respond to phenylalanine-restricted diet. PK2 is lethal if untreated.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=BIOMDB; Note=Db of mutations causing tetrahydrobiopterin deficiencies; URL="http://www.bh4.org/biodef1.html";.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; URL="http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=QDPR";.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
X04882; CAA28571.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M16447; AAA52305.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006239; CAA06930.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006240; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006241; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006242; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006243; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006244; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AJ006245; CAA06930.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AB053170; BAB20429.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AK223437; BAD97157.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC000576; AAH00576.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
PIR A93655; RDHUP.
RefSeq NP_000311.2; -.
UniGene Hs.75438
3D structure databases
PDB
1HDR; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=1-244.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
PDBsum 1HDR; -.
ModBase P09417.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite P09417; -.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc MetaCyc:MON-12069; -.
Reactome REACT_13; Metabolism of amino acids.
2D gel databases
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE IPI00014439; -.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards GC04M017097; -.
H-InvDB HIX0004120; -.
HGNC HGNC:9752; QDPR.
GenAtlas QDPR.
MIM 261630; gene+phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
Orphanet 226; Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency.
PharmGKB PA34094; -.
GeneCards P09417.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P09417; -.
CleanEx HS_QDPR; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000151552; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005737; Cellular component: cytoplasm (inferred from direct assay from LIFEdb).
GO:0004155; Molecular function: 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase activity (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0005488; Molecular function: binding (inferred from electronic annotation from InterPro).
GO:0009055; Molecular function: electron carrier activity (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0051066; Biological process: dihydrobiopterin metabolic process (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0006559; Biological process: L-phenylalanine catabolic process (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0055114; Biological process: oxidation reduction (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0006729; Biological process: tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR002198; DHase_sc/Rdtase_SDR.
Graphical view of domain structure.
Pfam PF00106; adh_short; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PROSITE PS00061; ADH_SHORT; 1.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas P09417; -.
Proteomics databases
PRIDE P09417; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000151552; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 5860; -.
KEGG hsa:5860; -.
son:SO_2764; -.
NMPDR fig|9606.3.peg.23962; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P09417; -.
HOVERGEN P09417; -.
Other
DrugBank DB00157; NADH.
LinkHub P09417; -.
NextBio 22758; -.
SOURCE QDPR; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet P09417.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
3D-structure; Acetylation; Direct protein sequencing; Disease mutation; NADP; Oxidoreductase; Phenylketonuria; Polymorphism; Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
INIT_MET   1     1        Removed. 
CHAIN   2   244  243     Dihydropteridine reductase. PRO_0000054636
NP_BIND   14    38  25     NADP. 
ACT_SITE   150   150        Proton acceptor. 
MOD_RES   2     2        N-acetylalanine. 
VARIANT   14    14  1     L -> P (in PK2; severe). VAR_008121 [3D]
VARIANT   17    17  1     G -> R (in PK2; severe). VAR_021767 [3D]
VARIANT   17    17  1     G -> V (in PK2; severe). VAR_008122 [3D]
VARIANT   18    18  1     G -> D (in PK2; severe). VAR_021768 [3D]
VARIANT   23    23  1     G -> D (in PK2; severe). VAR_006960 [3D]
VARIANT   36    36  1     W -> R (in PK2). VAR_006961 [3D]
VARIANT   51    51  1     S -> T. VAR_013027 [3D]
VARIANT   66    66  1     Q -> R (in PK2; severe). VAR_021769 [3D]
VARIANT   74    74  1     L -> P (in PK2). VAR_006962 [3D]
VARIANT   108   108  1     W -> G (in PK2). VAR_006963 [3D]
VARIANT   123   123  1     T -> TT (in PK2). VAR_006964
VARIANT   145   145  1     P -> L (in PK2). VAR_006965 [3D]
VARIANT   149   149  1     G -> R (in PK2). VAR_021770 [3D]
VARIANT   150   150  1     Y -> C (in PK2; mild). VAR_006966 [3D]
VARIANT   151   151  1     G -> S (in PK2; mild). VAR_006967 [3D]
VARIANT   158   158  1     H -> Y (in PK2; severe). VAR_006968 [3D]
VARIANT   170   170  1     G -> S (in PK2). VAR_006969 [3D]
VARIANT   212   212  1     F -> C (in PK2; mild). VAR_006970 [3D]
VARIANT   218   218  1     G -> GITG (in PK2; mild). VAR_006971
STRAND   11    16  6      
TURN   17    19  3      
HELIX   21    32  12      
STRAND   36    43  8      
STRAND   48    53  6      
HELIX   60    75  16      
STRAND   80    85  6      
HELIX   100   110  11      
HELIX   112   125  14      
STRAND   126   135  10      
HELIX   138   141  4      
HELIX   148   165  18      
STRAND   176   181  6      
HELIX   188   191  4      
HELIX   199   201  3      
HELIX   205   216  12      
TURN   217   220  4      
STRAND   227   233  7      
STRAND   236   242  7      
Sequence information
Length: 244 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 25790 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: 0852F9F0CA38AB1C [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MAAAAAAGEA RRVLVYGGRG ALGSRCVQAF RARNWWVASV DVVENEEASA SIIVKMTDSF 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
TEQADQVTAE VGKLLGEEKV DAILCVAGGW AGGNAKSKSL FKNCDLMWKQ SIWTSTISSH 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
LATKHLKEGG LLTLAGAKAA LDGTPGMIGY GMAKGAVHQL CQSLAGKNSG MPPGAAAIAV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
LPVTLDTPMN RKSMPEADFS SWTPLEFLVE TFHDWITGKN RPSSGSLIQV VTTEGRTELT 


PAYF 

P09417 in FASTA format

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